EU education ministers call for human-centred approach to AI in schools

The Council of the European Union has adopted conclusions on the use of AI in education, calling for a human-centred approach that keeps teachers at the centre of the learning process.

The conclusions reflect growing attention within Europe to how AI systems are reshaping schools, teaching practices, and educational administration. Ministers acknowledged that AI tools can support personalised learning, accessibility, and administrative efficiency, but also warned of risks linked to bias, misinformation, over-reliance on technology, and unequal access to digital resources.

A central issue in the discussion is the role of teachers. The Council argues that educators should not be treated only as users of AI systems, but also as participants in evaluating and shaping how such tools are introduced into classrooms.

The text calls on national governments to strengthen AI and digital literacy among teachers, integrate AI-related training into teacher education, and ensure that AI tools preserve professional autonomy rather than increasing dependence on automated systems.

The conclusions also highlight concerns about broader societal effects. Ministers pointed to risks that AI could deepen existing digital divides, affect learners’ concentration and skill development, or create new pressures on teachers through monitoring and administrative automation.

Another focus is technological sovereignty. The Council encourages development of education-specific AI systems within Europe, alongside safeguards related to data protection, accountability, and transparency.

The conclusions are not legally binding, but they provide political direction for future EU and national initiatives in the education sector. They also mark the first formal discussion of AI and teaching within the EU’s education policy framework.