EU proposes Digital Networks Act to streamline connectivity rules

The proposal, presented by the European Commission, is designed to reduce regulatory fragmentation across member states. It introduces a model under which connectivity providers could operate across the EU while registering in only one country, rather than complying with multiple national procedures.

Another element concerns spectrum management. The draft act aims to increase consistency in how radio spectrum is authorised by national regulators, including longer licence durations and renewals by default. It also proposes greater use of spectrum sharing where frequencies are not fully utilised, a principle framed as ‘use it or share it’.

In parallel, the Commission proposes an EU-level framework for authorising pan-European satellite communication services, replacing the current system based largely on national authorisations.

Phasing out copper networks

The Digital Networks Act sets out a timetable for the gradual retirement of copper-based networks, which the Commission considers inadequate for long-term connectivity needs. Member states would be required to prepare national transition plans by 2029, covering a phase-out period between 2030 and 2035.

The proposal includes consumer safeguards linked to this transition. These include obligations to provide advance notice of network switch-offs and to ensure continuity of service during migration to newer infrastructure.

Regulatory simplification

According to the Commission, the act would modernise the regulatory framework by reducing administrative and reporting obligations for network operators. The intention is to allow companies to focus more resources on infrastructure investment, while maintaining existing levels of consumer protection.

The proposal also envisages greater flexibility in business-to-business arrangements within the connectivity ecosystem, particularly between network operators and other digital service providers.

Security, resilience, and crisis preparedness

Security and resilience form another strand of the proposal. The Digital Networks Act would introduce an EU-level preparedness plan addressing risks such as natural disasters and external interference affecting communications networks. It also seeks to limit critical dependencies in the connectivity supply chain and to strengthen cooperation among member states.

For pan-European satellite services, security and resilience criteria would be incorporated into the selection mechanisms at EU level.

Net neutrality and innovative services

The Commission states that the proposal maintains the existing principles of net neutrality under EU law. It introduces a mechanism intended to clarify how open internet rules apply to certain innovative services, with the stated aim of improving legal certainty.

A voluntary cooperation framework is also proposed for issues such as IP interconnection and traffic management, without altering core open internet obligations.

Legislative context and next steps

If adopted, the Digital Networks Act would replace the 2018 EU Electronic Communications Code. The proposal builds on earlier policy work, including a 2024 Commission white paper examining Europe’s digital infrastructure needs.

The draft legislation will now be examined by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. Its future shape will depend on negotiations between the institutions and member states.

The initiative aligns with broader political priorities outlined by Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, who has highlighted the role of connectivity in completing the EU single market. Final adoption, however, is subject to the ordinary legislative process and potential amendments during parliamentary and council deliberations.