Breaking Apple’s walled garden: EU mandates iOS compatibility with all devices
On 19 March 2025, the European Union (EU) mandated that Apple enhance the interoperability of its iOS operating system with third-party devices and applications. This directive stems from the EU’s Digital Markets Act (DMA), a landmark legislation enacted to promote fair competition and prevent monopolistic practices within the digital sector. The DMA targets large tech companies, designated as ‘gatekeepers,’ to ensure they do not hinder competition through restrictive practices.
For Apple, this means modifying its traditionally closed ecosystem to allow greater compatibility with non-Apple devices and services. Specifically, Apple is required to:
- Open Nine iOS connectivity features: Features such as notifications, device pairing, and data transfer functionalities (e.g., AirDrop and AirPlay) must be accessible to third-party manufacturers.
- Enhance developer access: Apple must provide a more transparent and efficient process for developers seeking interoperability with iOS, fostering a more open and competitive app ecosystem.
Why It matters
This move is significant for the following reasons:
- Consumer choice: Enhanced interoperability allows consumers to use Apple devices alongside a broader range of third-party products, fostering a more diverse and competitive market.
- Regulatory compliance: For Apple, adhering to the DMA’s requirements is crucial to avoid potential fines and maintain its market position within the EU.
