A growing number of researchers are calling into question the belief that screen time is inherently harmful to children’s mental health. While concerns about smartphones, gaming, and social media dominate public discourse, experts argue that these fears often lack a solid empirical foundation.

Professor Pete Etchells of Bath Spa University and other scientists have criticised the quality of existing research on the subject, noting that many studies depend on self-reported screen use and fail to control for key variables like loneliness, the nature of digital content, or the social setting of online interactions. According to Etchells, the assumption that screen time directly causes mental health issues is not strongly supported by the available data.

Some studies have found no meaningful link between screen use and poor psychological well-being in children and adolescents. Instead, researchers emphasise the need to distinguish between harmful digital experiences, such as exposure to toxic content or online bullying, and beneficial ones, such as connecting with friends or learning new skills.

Despite these findings, concern persists. Advocacy groups like Smartphone Free Childhood argue for delaying children’s access to smartphones and social media, citing risks such as reduced sleep and diminished face-to-face social time. Psychologist Jean Twenge, a vocal critic of screen overuse, maintains that excessive time on devices contributes to a “terrible formula” for adolescent mental health, combining isolation, disrupted routines, and lack of real-world engagement.

Why does it matter?

This research challenges the widespread belief that screen time is inherently detrimental to children’s mental health. By questioning the assumption that more time online automatically leads to worse outcomes, it encourages a shift toward evidence-based approaches that consider the quality and context of digital engagement.